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Properties of Hydrogen
Hydrogen, a colorless, odorless, and tasteless gas, is the most plentiful element in the Universe and one of the most flammable. It makes up 75% of the mass of the visible matter in all the stars & galaxies. It is also the simplest and the lightest element. It consists of a diatomic molecule, each atom with a nucleus with 1 unit of positive charge orbited by 1 electron. It’s three isotopes include Proteum, mass 1, which makes up 99.985% of the element’s natural occurences, Deuterium, mass 2, 0.015%, and Tritium, mass 3, a negligibly small percentage. Hydrogen was discovered by Henry Cavendish in 1766.
Bill Chase - 2/24/08
Properties of Hydrogen
Atomic number
Atomic mass
Molecular weight
Density at 32 degrees F
Specific gravity (Air =1)
Specific heat
Melting temp.
Boiling temp.
Latent heat of vaporization
Auto ignition temp.
Flame temp. in air
Ignition energy
Max. flame velocity
Flamability range in air |
1
1.007825 grams/mole
2.01594g.
0.005611 lbs/cubic ft.
0.06998
3.425 BTU/lb Degree F
-259.2 Degrees C
-423.2 Degrees F
191.7 BTU/lb
1085 Degrees F
3713 Degrees F
1.9 E-8 BTU
9.28 ft/sec
4.0 - 75.0 % by vol. |
| Fuel Energy Comparison |
Hydrogen
(kg) |
Natural Gas
(million cubic ft) |
Crude Oil
(barrels) |
Gasoline
(gallons) |
Diesel
(gallons) |
Hydrogen, 1 kg
Natural Gas, 1 million cubic ft.
Crude Oil, 1 barrel
Gasoline, 1 gallon
Diesel, 1 gallon
1 kg = 2.2046 lb
1 barrel = 42 gallons
Source: U.S.D.O.E. Hydrogen Analysis Resource Center |
1.0
8538
47.30
1.008
1.116 |
0.000117
1.0
0.00554
0.000118
0.000131 |
0.0211
180.5
1.0
0.0213
0.0236 |
0.992
8468
46.91
1.0
1.106 |
0.896
7653
42.40
0.904
1.0 |
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